![]() Used in mathematics and logic to denote something that is known after a proof has been carried out. In philosophy, used to denote something known from experience. Presupposed independent of experience the reverse of a posteriori. Used in mathematics and logic to denote something that is known or postulated before a proof has been carried out. In philosophy, used to denote something is supposed without empirical evidence. In everyday speech, it denotes something occurring or being known before the event. Said of an argument either for a conclusion that rests on the alleged absurdity of an opponent's argument (cf. appeal to ridicule) or that another assertion is false because it is absurd. ![]() The inference of a use from its abuse is not valid The phrase is distinct from reductio ad absurdum, which is usually a valid logical argument. I.e., a right is still a right even if it is abused (e.g. practiced in a morally/ethically wrong way) cf. Literally, "from the everlasting," "from eternity," or "from outside of time." Philosophically and theologically, it indicates something, e. g., the universe, that was created from outside of time. " from time immemorial," "since the beginning of time." or "from an infinitely remote time in the past") Sometimes used incorrectly to denote something, not from without time, but from a point within time, i.e. Ab epistulis was originally the title of the secretarial office in the Roman Empire Regarding or pertaining to correspondence. Legal term denoting derivation from an external source, as opposed to a person's self or mind-the latter of which is denoted by ab intra.
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